Kaplan Nursing Entrance Exam Practice 2025 – Comprehensive Prep

The primary function of the gonads in the endocrine system is to produce sex hormones, which play a critical role in a range of physiological processes. The gonads, which include the ovaries in females and the testes in males, secrete hormones such as estrogen and testosterone. These hormones are integral to the development of secondary sexual characteristics, the regulation of ovulation and sperm production, and the overall maintenance of reproductive health.

The production of sex hormones is essential for reproductive function, influencing not only physical development but also behavioral aspects associated with mating and reproduction. The effects of these hormones extend beyond reproduction, impacting bone density, muscle mass, and even mood.

The other responses pertain to different functions: neurotransmitter production is typically associated with the nervous system, metabolic rate regulation is primarily governed by hormones from the thyroid gland, and the control of digestive processes is managed by hormones from the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Each of these systems has specific roles that do not fall under the function of the gonads. Therefore, the emphasis on sex hormone production distinctly highlights the gonads' role in the endocrine system.