Kaplan Nursing Entrance Exam Practice 2026 – Comprehensive Prep

The parathyroid glands play a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphate balance in the body through the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). When calcium levels in the blood decrease, the parathyroid glands release PTH, which acts to increase blood calcium levels by promoting the release of calcium from bones, enhancing renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and stimulating the production of active vitamin D (calcitriol) in the kidneys. Calcitriol, in turn, increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate.

This regulatory mechanism is vital for maintaining homeostasis and supporting various physiological processes, including muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and bone health. The thyroid gland primarily focuses on metabolism and regulating hormone levels primarily related to growth and development but is not specifically involved in calcium balance. The adrenal cortex produces hormones like cortisol and aldosterone that are involved in metabolism and electrolyte balance but not directly in calcium regulation. The pituitary gland releases a variety of hormones regulating numerous bodily functions but does not primarily manage calcium and phosphate balance.