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What are gonads responsible for producing in males and females?

  1. Insulin and glucagon

  2. Testosterone and estrogen

  3. Thyroid hormones

  4. Antidiuretic hormone

The correct answer is: Testosterone and estrogen

Gonads are the primary reproductive organs in both males and females, responsible for the production of sex hormones and gametes. In males, gonads (the testes) produce testosterone, which plays a crucial role in the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, such as increased muscle mass, deepening of the voice, and development of facial hair. In females, gonads (the ovaries) produce estrogen, which is vital for the regulation of the menstrual cycle, the development of female secondary sexual characteristics, and the overall management of various reproductive functions. The production of these hormones is essential for both reproductive health and the maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics in their respective genders.