Kaplan Nursing Entrance Practice Exam

Which part of the brain is associated with higher intellectual function?

1. Cerebellum

2. Cerebral cortex

3. Brainstem

4. Thalamus

The correct answer is: Cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex is primarily responsible for higher intellectual functions such as reasoning, problem-solving, planning, and abstract thinking. It is the outermost layer of the brain, heavily involved in processing complex information and facilitating cognitive abilities. This area of the brain is divided into different lobes, each associated with specific functions, including the frontal lobe, which is critically involved in executive functions such as decision-making and emotional regulation, and the parietal lobe, which is key for integrating sensory information and spatial awareness. While the other parts of the brain mentioned have important roles, they do not primarily cater to higher intellectual functions. The cerebellum mainly coordinates movement and balance rather than cognitive tasks. The brainstem is responsible for basic life functions such as breathing and heart rate control. The thalamus serves as a relay station for sensory information but does not engage in higher-order thinking processes. Therefore, the cerebral cortex stands out as the essential component for intellectual functioning.